Definitions of Learning

Modified: 2024-07-01 10:18 AM CDST

• The classic definition of learning is that learning is a CHANGE in behavior as a result of experience or practice.
• A newer definition, one with a cognitive orientation is that learning is the acquisition of knowledge.
• The two definitions are similar, but not equivalent, because knowledge acquisition does not always lead to behavioral change.
  • Take the following hypothetical example.
    • Everyday I lecture, I walk in to class and I turn off the lights in the room so that I can project my lectures.
    • One day, however, the light switch shocks me. I forget to tell the physical plant to fix it.
    • The next time I lecture, I reach for the switch but stop. Why?
  • Using the first definition, I would say that the previous day's experience led to a change in my behavior.
  • Using the second definition, I would say that I acquired the knowledge that there was something wrong with the switch, and that I had not yet reported it. So, that knowledge prevents me from touching the switch.
  • Notice that we can easily use the first definition with both animals and humans because all of the variables are external.
  • However, because we cannot get inside other animals' heads, we can only use the second definition on humans.
  • Notice that I am not saying that animals do not have thoughts.
• Rather, I am saying that we can only be aware of our own thoughts, and informed of the thoughts that other humans communicate to us. Animals cannot communicate their thoughts to us.